Ontologies and Linked Data for ICOS

Data Service Workshop

Lund, 1-2 February 2016

Ontology

• In philosophy: the philosophical study of the nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations
• In computer science: a formal naming and definition of the types, properties, and interrelationships of the entities that really or fundamentally exist for a particular domain of discourse

W3C's PROV-O ontology

Starting point terms

PROV-O for ICOS

Early prototype

W3C's PROV-O ontology

Expanded terms

W3C's Organization ontology

ICOS Organization ontology

Early prototype

Data Object Specification

Semantic Web is

• A bunch of technologies for publishing data on the Web so that computers can understand
• A vision
• The data and the services themselves
• Endorsed by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
• Also known as Linked Data
• Including technologies known as RDF, triple stores, SPARQL, and OWL
• Targeted at information architects and developers, not end users
• Characterized by the motto: the Web is your database

Basic ideas

• Every thing gets a URI (URL) — a globally unique id
• Server response to a URI depends on the type of a client
• All the statements are made in the form of triples
  "Subject - predicate - object"
• Objects can be typed literals, the rest is URIs
• Object of one triple can be a subject of another. Thus, the data model is a directed labeled graph

RDF triple structure

RDF document structure

Triplestores

OWL

• "Web Ontology Language"
• W3C standard
• Classes, subclasses, properties, subproperties, ranges, domains, cardinality restrictions, class expressions, constraints, etc
• Inference semantics
• Expressed in RDF
• owl:imports
• Tooling (Protege 3, Protege 4, TopBraid Composer, reasoners)

Users and publishers

• BBC
• NASA
• Google, Bing, Yandex, Yahoo (http://schema.org, RDFa)
• data.gov and data.gov.uk
• Dewey Decimal Classification system (dewey.info)
• ICD-11 (OWL, Protege)
• National Library of Sweden (Libris XL)

LOD Cloud

Vendors

Semantic Web usage at Carbon Portal

• Map of stations: https://static.icos-cp.eu/share/stations/
• Stations table: https://static.icos-cp.eu/share/stations/table.html
• Station labeling application: https://meta.icos-cp.eu/labeling/
• SPARQL endpoint: https://meta.icos-cp.eu/sparqlclient
• Metadata entry app: https://meta.icos-cp.eu/edit/stationentry/
• Protege
• RDF log

Upload workflow

Metadata submission

						
{
	"submitterId": "ATC",
	"hashSum": "17411322f6aaa3961165438a42a9346882e9f16a2f30d8026c3b8b1a0dccc969",
	"fileName": "staff.jpg",
	"producingOrganization": "cpinst:Hyltemossa_AS",
	"productionStart": "2015-12-20T13:05:01.962Z",
	"productionEnd": "2016-01-20T11:14:21.435Z",
	"packageSpec": "cpinst:monthlyCO2noaaPackage"
}
						
					

Demo

• curl -H "Cookie: cpauthToken=<token>" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d @metadata.json https://meta.icos-cp.eu/upload
• curl -H "Transfer-Encoding: chunked" -H "Cookie: cpauthToken=<token>" --upload-file <path> https://data.icos-cp.eu/files/<sha-256>
• iRODS ils
• https://epic.pdc.kth.se/v2/handles/11676
• http://dx.doi.org/11676/F0ETIvaqo5YRZUOKQqk0aILp
• https://meta.icos-cp.eu/objects/F0ETIvaqo5YRZUOKQqk0aILp